Rise in Native Elephant Population Sparks Human-Wildlife Conflict in Jhapa

The number of native elephants in Jhapa has seen a significant increase over the past five years, leading to rising concerns over human-elephant conflicts in the district. According to Meghraj Rai, Chief of the Division Forest Office, Jhapa, the population of these majestic mammals has more than doubled, growing from 10-12 in 2075 BS (2018 AD) to over 30 today.

“The surge in the number of native elephants is largely due to tuskers entering Nepal from India in search of food and deciding to stay,” Rai explained. He added that elephants, which were once only seen in certain areas, are now being spotted across the district. This increase has resulted in more frequent and widespread incidents of elephant rampage, particularly following the declaration of super zones for paddy, maize, and other crops in the region.

“Elephants are venturing into new territories where they were never seen before,” Rai noted. The expansion of maize cultivation, which has attracted elephants, is a contributing factor. Additionally, the construction of bridges, roads, and other infrastructure along the elephants’ traditional migratory routes has forced them to alter their paths, leading them into village settlements and causing more destruction to life and property.

Rai emphasized the urgent need for a comprehensive master plan to address the growing human-elephant conflict. “A step-by-step approach is required for human-elephant coexistence,” he said. “Currently, there is no master plan in place for elephant control, and all three tiers of government must prioritize this issue.”

Efforts are already underway to mitigate the situation. The National Trust for Nature Conservation has initiated measures to reduce complications caused by elephant activities. Rai suggested that identifying elephant-affected areas and implementing collective insurance for locals, crop insurance, and infrastructure protection could help create a safer environment for residents.

As the elephant population continues to rise, Jhapa faces the challenge of balancing conservation efforts with the protection of human lives and livelihoods. The situation demands immediate attention and coordinates action from all levels of government and conservation organizations.