Kathmandu to Begin Random On-the-Spot Vehicle Emission Tests to Tackle Air Pollution

The Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) has announced it will commence random on-the-spot vehicle emission testing next week to address the worsening air quality in the valley.

The city office has trained two mechanical engineers to conduct the tests and procured two portable smoke meters—one for diesel and the other for petrol vehicles. For the first time, motorcycles and scooters will also be subject to testing.

“We’ve coordinated with the federal government’s environment department, traffic police, and the Department of Transport Management to initiate these tests,” said Jagatman Shrestha, traffic expert adviser to the metropolis.

The move aligns with the KMC’s Environment and Natural Resources Protection Act-2021, which empowers local governments to combat pollution. Random testing will target vehicles already issued green stickers, typically signifying compliance with emission standards.

“Some vehicles, despite having green stickers, emit pollutants due to irregular servicing and maintenance,” Shrestha noted. Vehicles found exceeding permissible emission levels will face a fine of Rs1,000 for the first violation.

Kathmandu’s air quality frequently reaches hazardous levels, ranking the city among the world’s most polluted. On Friday, air pollution monitoring by IQ AirVisual reported PM2.5 levels of 197 μg/m³ in the capital, far exceeding safe thresholds.

PM2.5 particles, smaller than 2.5 micrometres in diameter, are especially harmful as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. The Environmental Protection Agency categorizes air quality in the 151–200 range as unhealthy for all individuals, with sensitive groups at heightened risk.

Major hospitals in Kathmandu have reported increased cases of respiratory illnesses linked to toxic air and dust.

To enhance air quality monitoring, KMC has installed portable air quality monitoring devices at 16 locations, with plans to add three more. The city is also conducting awareness campaigns to educate residents about air pollution’s risks.

In a separate initiative to improve pedestrian safety, KMC has installed push-button traffic lights at 36 intersections. Once operational, pedestrians will be able to stop traffic and cross roads safely by pressing a button.

“These measures aim to address not only pollution but also the safety and convenience of Kathmandu’s residents,” Shrestha added.

The emission testing program is part of broader efforts to mitigate air pollution and promote sustainable urban living in Nepal’s capital.