World Tuberculosis Day Observed Today with a Call to End the Global Epidemic

World Tuberculosis (TB) Day is being marked today with various programs in Nepal and around the world, emphasizing the urgent need to eliminate TB — the world’s most lethal infectious disease. Observed annually on March 24, the day aims to raise awareness about the severe health, social, and economic impacts of TB.

This year, the World Health Organization (WHO) has set the theme “Yes! We Can End TB: Commit, Invest, Deliver”, encouraging stronger commitment at all levels to combat TB, including the increasing threat of drug-resistant strains. However, dwindling international funding in a challenging geopolitical environment threatens global efforts to eradicate TB by 2030.

TB is a contagious, airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs. It spreads through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or spit. The WHO reports that only a few inhaled bacteria are enough to cause infection.

In Nepal, the National TB Control Center is organizing awareness programs to mark the occasion. Despite ongoing efforts, TB remains a significant public health challenge, with an estimated 68,000 new cases and an incidence rate of 229 per 100,000 people recorded in 2023. The mortality rate stands at 54 per 100,000, according to WHO data.

Last year, the National Tuberculosis Program registered 40,776 TB patients for treatment — 39% women and 61% men. Additionally, 756 people were diagnosed with drug-resistant TB. The National Tuberculosis Patient Data Survey-2024 revealed that 51% of TB patients and their families in Nepal have experienced a high financial burden due to the disease.

Dr. Shriram Tiwari, Director of the National TB Control Center, highlighted the need for greater collaboration among sectors like health, education, labor, and social security, as well as increased involvement from the private sector and the community to end the epidemic.

TB treatment is provided free of charge in 6,241 health institutions across Nepal, with diagnostic services available in 800 health institutions. Rapid testing is accessible in 117 health institutions across 67 districts.

Dr. Tiwari reaffirmed Nepal’s commitment to ending the TB epidemic by 2030 and achieving a TB-free nation by 2050.