UN Criticizes China’s Human Rights Policies in Xinjiang

The United Nations Human Rights Office (OHCHR) has raised concerns about “problematic” human rights policies in China’s Xinjiang region, two years after releasing a major report that suggested possible “crimes against humanity.” Despite ongoing discussions with Chinese officials, many contentious laws and practices remain in place, according to OHCHR spokeswoman Ravina Shamdasani.

China has been accused of detaining over one million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in Xinjiang, allegations that Beijing strongly denies. The Chinese government claims that it is operating vocational training centers aimed at combating extremism and fostering development.

Since February 2023, OHCHR has engaged in a series of discussions with Chinese authorities, culminating in a visit by a UN human rights team to Beijing from May 26 to June 1 this year. The team discussed China’s counter-terrorism policies and criminal justice system, with a focus on human rights issues affecting ethnic and religious minorities, including those in Xinjiang and Tibet.

Despite these engagements, Shamdasani noted that many of the policies that have drawn international criticism remain in effect. OHCHR has called on Chinese authorities to conduct a comprehensive review of laws related to national security and counter-terrorism, as well as to ensure the protection of minorities from discrimination.

The UN has also urged China to make tangible progress in safeguarding human rights and to investigate alleged violations, including instances of torture. The concerns echo those highlighted in a 2022 report by former UN human rights chief Michelle Bachelet, which cited credible evidence of torture, forced labor, and sexual violence in Xinjiang.

While OHCHR described its cooperation with China as “positive,” it acknowledged significant challenges in ensuring meaningful change. The UN continues to monitor the situation, though access to information remains limited, and there are fears of reprisals against individuals who engage with the UN.

Shamdasani emphasized the need for ongoing dialogue and further visits to China, with the hope of achieving progress in the protection of human rights.